The thyroid is a tiny gland located at the front of the neck, just below the skin and muscles where a bow tie would sit. Its left and right half (known as lobes) resemble a butterfly's wings and are brownish red in colour. It is extremely light—less than an ounce—but aids the body in a variety of processes, including obtaining energy from eating, developing sexually, and growing. When the thyroid gland doesn't produce enough of certain critical hormones, it is known as hypothyroidism (or underactive thyroid). As a result, the body's energy consumption slows down, as does the cells' metabolic (chemical) activity. In particular, adult women are more prone to having hypothyroidism than men. Children might also have hypothyroidism. The condition is known as congenital hypothyroidism when a newborn is born with it. Other children experience it later, typically in late childhood or as teenagers. Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune condition, is to blame for the majority of these cases.
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